YUM is the package management tool that helps you to install or update the package through the network or local and at the same time, it provides an easy method to install a package with its dependent packages.
READ: Linux Basics: 30 YUM Command Examples for Linux Package Management
Repository sources can be created either using the createrepo package or mounting the DVD on the directory. Mounting the DVD/CD ROM will lead to saving the space on HDD used by being copied to HDD.
Create Local YUM Repository with DVD
Create Source
Mount the CD/DVD ROM on any directory of your wish. For testing, mount it on /cdrom.
mkdir /cdrom mount /dev/cdrom /cdrom
Create Repo file
Before creating a repo file, move your existing repo files present in /etc/yum.repos.d directory, if not required.
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp/
Create the new repo file called cdrom.repo under /etc/repos.d directory.
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
Add the following details.
[LocalRepo] name=LocalRepository baseurl=file:///cdrom enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Where,
Install Package from Local DVD YUM repository
yum clean all
Let’s install the vsftpd package from the local repository.
yum install vsftpd
The output will be like below; it will try to cache the package information. When you give yes to download the package, it will prompt you to accept gpg signing key.
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror LocalRepo | 3.6 kB 00:00 (1/2): LocalRepo/group_gz | 157 kB 00:00 (2/2): LocalRepo/primary_db | 2.7 MB 00:00 Determining fastest mirrors Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:3.0.2-9.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing: vsftpd x86_64 3.0.2-9.el7 LocalRepo 165 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package Total download size: 165 k Installed size: 343 k Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: warning: /cdrom/Packages/vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY Public key for vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5: Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <[email protected]>" Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5 Package : centos-release-7-0.1406.el7.centos.2.3.x86_64 (@anaconda) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Is this ok [y/N]: y Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : vsftpd-3.0.2-9.el7.x86_64 1/1 Installed: vsftpd.x86_64 0:3.0.2-9.el7 Complete!</[email protected]>
You have successfully configured the local repository on the machine, but it is limited to a single machine where the CD or DVD is mounted.
Create Local YUM Repository with FTP or HTTP
If you have quite number machines and all of them connected over the intranet, then this is the best option for you.
Host RPM Packages
Normally YUM server uses FTP or Apache as the medium to transfer packages. So, install either FTP or Apache on your yum server.
You can use either FTP or Apache, not both.
Mount the DVD on /cdrom.
mkdir /cdrom;mount /dev/cdrom /cdrom
Copy packages from DVDROM to /var/ftp or /var/www/html receptively for FTP and Apache.
FTP
Copy the packages from the DVD-ROM to the FTP folder.
cp -a /cdrom/Packages/* /var/ftp
Apache
Copy packages from the DVD-ROM to the Apache home directory.
cp -a /cdrom/Packages/* /var/www/html/
Edit Apache configuration file and enable the indexes.
vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
From
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
To
Options All Indexes FollowSymLinks
Remove the welcome page.
rm -rf /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
Restart Services
### FTP ### systemctl restart vsftpd ### Apache ### systemctl restart httpd
Firewall
You need to allow FTP and HTTP port on the firewall so that client machines can able to get packages from YUM server.
### For HTTP ### firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=80/tcp firewall-cmd --reload ### For FTP ### firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=21/tcp firewall-cmd --reload
SELinux
Consider disabling SELinux on CentOS / RHEL.
Verify Services
Verify the accessibility using the web browser by visiting respective service.
FTP:
Apache:
Create Repository
After hosting the packages, we need to create the repository of packages that we have copied from the disc. createrepo is the tool that helps you to create the XML based rpm meta-structure repository, like an index file that points to rpm files.
cd /cdrom/Packages rpm -ivh createrepo-*el7.noarch.rpm libxml2-python-*.x86_64.rpm deltarpm-*.el7.x86_64.rpm python-deltarpm-*el7.x86_64.rpm
FTP
createrepo /var/ftp
Apache
createrepo /var/www/html
Create Repo File
Once created the repository, just go on to the client machine and add the repository file under the /etc/yum.repos.d directory.
Before creating a repo file, move the existing repo files present in /etc/yum.repos.d directory, if not required.
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /tmp/
Create remote.repo file.
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/remote.repo
Create a repo entry like below, depends on the protocol you are using. Change IP address to your server ip address.
FTP
[remote] name=RHEL FTP baseurl=ftp://192.168.1.10 enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
Apache
[remote] name=RHEL Apache baseurl=https://192.168.1.10 enabled=1 gpgcheck=0
Install Packages from Local YUM repository
yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb
Conclusion
That’s All. Please share your feedback in the comments section.