How to install KVM on Fedora 26 / Fedora 25

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KVM stands for Kernel-Based Virtual Machine, is a virtualization software which provides ability to run a multiple guest operating systems with the help of hardware virtualization extensions. It supports wide variety of guest operating system’s such as Linux, Windows, Solaris, Haiku, REACT OS and much more. This guide shows you how to install KVM on Fedora 26 / Fedora 25.

KVM can be managed using command line or available graphical tools. Virt-Manager (Virtual Machine Manager) is the most widely used application for managing KVM based virtual machines, it supports creating, editing, starting, and stopping KVM-based virtual machines, as well as live or cold migration of guest machines between hosts.

Prerequisites

As said earlier, KVM will work only if the CPU has a support of hardware virtualization, either Intel VT or AMD-V. To find whether your CPU supports VT features, run the following command.

# egrep '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Intel VT Support
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Intel VT Support

If the above command returns with any output showing vmx or svm then your hardware supports VT else it does not.

Install KVM

Issue the following command to install latest qemu package and also virt-manager which provides graphical interface to manage virtual machines.

# dnf groupinstall "Virtualization"
# dnf install qemu-img  libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client
  • qemu-kvm = QEMU emulator
  • qemu-img = QEMU disk image manager
  • virt-install = Command line tool to create virtual machines.
  • libvirt = Provides libvirtd daemon that manages virtual machines and controls hypervisor.
  • libvirt-client = provides client side API’s for accessing servers and also provides virsh utility which provides command line tool to manage virtual machines.
  • virt-viewer – Graphical console

Creating Virtual Machine

Once you have installed KVM and other tools, it is all set to start creating virtual machines. We will look be looking at creating virtual machines in both command line and graphical mode.

Command Line Mode

virt-install is used to create virtual machines using command line, this command needs multiple inputs from us to create a virtual machine such as CPU,Memory, disk, network, installation media location, os variant and more.

# virt-install  --name=itzgeekguest  --ram=1024  --vcpus=1  --cdrom=/tmp/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-minimal.iso --os-type=linux --os-variant=rhel6  --network bridge=br0 --graphics=spice  --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/itzgeekguest.dsk,size=4

Note: The above command uses bridged networking “br0” for allowing virtual machines to communicate with outside network, you can find a tutorial on creating bridged networking on Fedora.

–name – Name of the Virtual machine

–ram – Memory size in MB

–vcpus – Virtal cpu’s in numbers

–cdrom – Location of the ISO image

–os-type – OS types like Linux, Windows, and Unix

–os-variant – OS variant like rhel 6, solaris

–network – Networking

–graphics – Guest display settings

–disk path – Location of the disk with size of 4 GB

Once you’ve issued the above command, virt-install will create a virtual machine and starts virt viewer console for OS installation.

Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Guest Installation command Line Virt Viewer
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Guest Installation command Line Virt Viewer

Graphical Mode

Type the following command in terminal in GUI mode.

# virt-manager

or

Activities –> Search –> Virtual Machine Manager.

You may be asked to enter a password if you don’t have root access.

Once it is opened, right-click on localhost(QEMU) and Click on New. Virtual Machine Manager will start a new wizard for creating virtual machine, you will find no difficulty in using this graphical mode.

Step 1: You would require to name your virtual machine, in the same window, you would be asked to choose how would you like to install the operating system. Here i chose to install it from ISO image or CD-ROM.

Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Virt Manager - Create VM
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Virt Manager – Create VM

Step 2: Enter the location of ISO image or use physical CD-ROM, do not forget to choose operating system type and version.

Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Virt Manager - Installation Media
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Virt Manager – Installation Media

Step 3: Configure CPU and memory for the virtual machine.

Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Virt Manager - Memory and CPU
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Virt Manager – Memory and CPU

Step 4: You have to mention the amount of storage that you want to assign to a virtual machine, Un check on “Allocate entire disk now”, this will prevent from allocating full disk at the VM creation. Disk size will be allocated dynamically depending on the virtual machine usage.

Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Virt Manager - Allocating Storage
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Virt Manager – Allocating Storage

Step 5: Summary of all the settings, click on advanced settings to select bridged networking in order to allow virtual machine to communicate outside network. Click on Finish.

Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Virt Manager - Summary
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Virt Manager – Summary

Step 6: KVM will start to create a virtual machine depends on our input, once vm is created. Virt manager will start a console for OS installation. The following screen shows the installation screen of CentOS 6.

Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Virt Manager - VM Console
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Virt Manager – VM Console

Managing Virtual Machine

With the Virtual Machine Manger, you can perform vm’s life cylcle actions such as start, power off, reset, clone and migration by right clicking on selected virtual machine.

Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Virt Manager
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Virt Manager

Managing virtual machine using virt manager is very simple, you can just click on “bulp” icon in the vm console. Here you can add, modify and remove devices.

Install KVM on Fedora 26 - Virt Manager - Managing VM
Install KVM on Fedora 26 – Virt Manager – Managing VM

That’s All.

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